Caselaw summaries

Personal independence payment (PIP) - Activity 9(c) ('needs social support to be able to engage with other people')

Employment and support allowance (ESA) - limited capability for work-related activity - Activity 7 ('understanding communication')

Tax credits (TC) - penalties - correct approach

Personal independence payment (PIP) - activity 2 ('moving around') - to be judged in relation to the type of surface normally expected for pedestrian use out of doors

Disability living allowance (DLA) - disabled child - attention at school - night-time attention and 'substantially in excess' test

Tax credits (TC) - main responsibility for a child - shared care and competing claims

Jobseeker's allowance (JSA) - work programmes and sanctions - retrospective validation of rules - 'prior information requirement'

Personal independence payment (PIP) - activity 1 (preparing food) - claimant regarded as being able to carry out an activity 'safely' because lack of likelihood of harm might still separately count as needing supervision where that is mentioned in a relevant descriptor

Personal independence payment (PIP) - medical evidence - First-tier Tribunal can direct a medical examination and report if it considers that necessary

Disability living allowance (DLA) - low rate mobility component after age 65 - attempt to get high rate for deterioration